6 February, 2010

wendell berry’s 17 rules for a sustainable community

  1. always ask to any proposed change or innovation: what will this do to our community? how will this affect our common wealth?
  2. always include local nature — the land, the water, the air, the native creatures — within the membership of the community.

    wendell berry

    "the most alarming state of our society now is that our leaders have the courage to sacrifice the lives of young people in war but have not the courage to tell us that we must be less greedy and less wasteful."

  3. always ask how local needs might be supported from local sources, including the mutual help of neighbors.
  4. always supply local needs first. (and only then think of exporting their products, first to nearby cities, and then to others.)
  5. understand the soundness of the industrial doctrine of “labor saving” if that implies poor work, unemployment, or any kind of pollution or contamination.
  6. develop properly scaled value-adding industries for local products to ensure that the community does not become merely a colony of the national of global economy.
  7. develop small-scale industries and businesses to support the local farm and/or forest economy.
  8. strive to produce as much of the community’s own energy as possible.
  9. strive to increase earnings (in whatever form) within the community and decrease expenditures outside the community.
  10. make sure that money paid into the local economy circulates within the community for as long as possible before it is paid out.
  11. make the community able to invest in itself by maintaining its properties, keeping itself clean (without dirtying some other place), caring for its old people, teaching its children.
  12. see that the old and the young take care of one another. the young must learn from the old, not necessarily and not always in school. there must be no institutionalized “childcare” and “homes for the aged.” the community knows and remembers itself by the association of old and young.
  13. account for costs now conventionally hidden or “externalized.” whenever possible, these costs must be debited against monetary income.
  14. look into the possible uses of local currency, community-funded loan programs, systems of barter, and the like.
  15. always be aware of the economic value of neighborly acts. in our time the costs of living are greatly increased by the loss of neighborhood, leaving people to face their calamities alone.
  16. a rural community should always be acquainted with, and complexly connected with, community-minded people in nearby towns and cities.
  17. a sustainable rural economy will be dependent on urban consumers loyal to local products. therefore, we are talking about an economy that will always be more cooperative than competitive.”

3 September, 2009

is it really a “happy” meal?

disclaimer: this is a direct quote from All the Way to Heaven by Lawrence Holben

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“Fast Food” and the Hunger for Community

“Fast food” is a major American industry and an ubiquitous part of life for almost every person in this country. Yet the product itself is generally unhealthy, riddled with the saturated fat and salt that are major contributors to the average American’s tendency to obesity and coronary disease and “enchanced” with various chemical additives of dubious or unknown effect on long-term human well-being. Fast food “culture” is also destructive to family life, as it further splinters the generations and obliterates the spiritual significance of family as community, breaking bread together around the common table. Nationwide (now worldwide) franchising inevitably represses regional and ethnic diversity (part of what is unique and irreplaceable about each of us), as every franchise serves up exactly the same far, often driving out of business in the process less lucrative sole proprietorships which more fully reflect regional traditions.

At the same time, the generally young or otherwise marginalized  workers in fast food outlets are poorly paid (the infamous “McJob” that is the first work experience for so many young people), and the work itself is rote and meaningly — operating food preparation machines rather than learning the art that cooking can be.

And not only our own society is injured; as more and more beef is required for all those hamburgers (“So Many Billion Sold!” the signs proudly proclaim), thousands of acres of irreplaceable rain forest in South America — where land is cheap — are destroyed and given over to cattle ranching, with deleterious effect not only on the global environment but on indigenous populations displaced and turned from self-sufficiency (at however modest a level) to employment by these new outposts of multinational capitalism.

There is a final, obscene cap to this ziggurat of profit and despoliation: the advertising that keeps the whole enterprise in motion. In a bitter irony, this advertising has as one of its recurring themes an appeal to our hunger for the very thing that fast food destroys: the sharing of a meal as a medium of human connection. The models in television advertisements — carefully chosen for their diversity and bathed in honeyed light — pass through the doors of their idealized fast food restaurant as into a shrine: Single parents pause in their busy day to smile with their children; elderly men and women find romance over the salad bar; teenagers grin beneath paper hats, utterly fulfilled by the prospect of serving up one or more order of McNuggets and fries for minimum wage; friends are made, community is born. The not so subliminal message? The solution to our painful isolation and estrangement can be found in a “Happy Meal.”

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feel free to respond and discuss.

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